2021年10月自考00015英语二串讲笔记(3)
【摘要】距离2022年4月自学考试开考还有不到一个月的时间，许多考生正在复习备考中，湖南自考网为各位考生整理了热门课程的考试复习资料、模拟题、串讲笔记等，供各位考生参考。
2021年10月自考00015英语二串讲笔记(3)
作宾语
接动名词作宾语的动词：
admit，acknowledge，avoid，deny，consider，enjoy，escape，
excuse，forgive，finish，suggest，mind，include，involve，delay，
put off，postpone，feel like，look forward to，be used to，be
accustomed to，etc.
接动词不定式作宾语的动词：
want，tend，intend，pretend，hope，plan，expect，be supposed to，
seem，be likely to，used to，be willing to，desire，force，prefer，start，begin
接动名词和动词不定式有不同含义的动词：
forget，remember，regret
stop，continue
need/want
allow doing/allow sb to do
1)How can I forget meeting you for the first time?
Sorry，I forgot to lock the door.
2)I can‘t stop laughing.Can you stop to give me a hand?
3)The grass needs cutting.The grass needs to be cut.
4)We don‘t allow smoking here.You are not allowed to smoke here.
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历年考题中的非谓语动词
1.A man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys ___(do)is ignored by society as of no value or importance.(doing)
2.Anyone ___(want)to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.(wanting)
3.It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes ___(control)his direction.(to control)
4.As research techniques become more advanced，the number of animals ___(use)in experiments may decrease.(used)
5.A life ___(live)without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed.(lived)
6.This poem，if ___(translate)word for word into Chinese，will make no sense.(translated)
7.They may have their passports _____(remove)，making leaving or“escaping”actually impossible.(removed)
8.Her body，with hands and feet ____(bind)，was discovered by a traveler early in the morning.(bound)
3.虚拟语气
第一大类：非真实条件下的虚拟语气
时间从句主句
与现在事实相反did/were should/could/would+do
与过去事实相反had done should/could/would+have done
与将来事实相反were to do should/could/would+do should do
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第二大类：从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气
would rather+从句
wish+从句
if only+从句
as if/as though+从句
It‘s time+从句
第三大类：从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可省略。
suggest，propose，advise，move(动议)，ask，order，require，request，desire，insist，prefer等动词后接的宾语从句;
suggestion，proposal，advice，motion，order，requirement，request，desire，preference等名词后的同位语从句;
3.important，necessary，essential，imperative，desirable，advisable，preferable等形容词用在it is…that…句型中;
4.lest，in case，for fear that等引导的从句中。
历年考题中的虚拟语气
If it hadn‘t been for your help，we ___(be)in real trouble.(would have been)
He would have given you more help，if he ___(not be)so busy.(had not been)
It is high time that we ___(take)firm measures to protect our environment.(took)
It was imperative that students ___(finish)their papers before July 1st.(should finish/finish)
4.定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句：限制性和非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句
1)关系代词(在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)：which，that，who，whom，whose
2)关系副词(在定语从句中作状语)：when，where，why，how
名词性从句
名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
引导名词性从句：
1)主从连词(不在从句中作任何成分)：that，whether，if
2)连接代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、表语)：what，which，who，whom，whose，whatever，whoever…
3)连接副词(在从句中作状语)：when，where，why，how
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定语从句和同位语从句的区别
The story(that)he told me may not be true.
The story that he has made a fortune may not be true.
2.什么时候用介词+which的形式?
The place which I visited last week is very beautiful.
The place in which I used to live is very beautiful.
3.which和as引导非限制性定语从句
He is easy to get angry，which is well known.
He is easy to get angry，as everybody knows.
历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1.Studies have shown ___ teenagers often suffer from depression.
[A]thatwhich[C]in which[D]in that A
2.It is a well-known fact ___ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.
[A]thatif[C]when[D]whether A
3.Very few people understood this contract，___ was very obscure.
[A]the languagethe language of which B
[C]all it said[D]which it had said
备考要诀
重视课文，英语一考上册，英语二以下册A课文为主，但是上册课文的语法和词汇是学习下册的基础。
吃透重点语法：非谓语动词、动词时态和语态、虚拟语气、比较级、定语从句，等。
背单词要讲究技巧，以大纲词汇为准，不要孤立地背单词，以词组为主，重视搭配;
加强阅读，选择难度适当的阅读材料，重在训练阅读技巧，提高速度和效率。
推荐材料：
1)大学英语自学教程》(上下册)，高远主编，高教出版社。
2)《大学英语自学教程——自学与自测指导》(上下册)，高远主编，北航出版社。
3)自考大纲
4)全国高等自学考试英语(一)和英语(二)模拟试卷与应试指导》高远主编，高等教育出版社。
结束语
Before God we are equally wise—equally foolish.(Albert Einstein)
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I.每道题的考点
第一题：词汇和结构
历年试题举例：
1.At the end of 1994 the pitish government introduced new measures to help ____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.
[A]protectsuspect[C]expect[D]inspect词义辨析
2.I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.
[A]downup[C]out[D]over搭配
3.By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a sound comes.
[A]in whichfrom which[C]over which[D]with which定语从句
2.Almost everything a manager does ___ decisions;indeed，some suggest that the management process is decision making.
[A]imposesimprovises[C]involves[D]indicates
3.American men don‘t cry because it is considered not ___ of men to do so.
[A]characteristictolerant[C]symbolic[D]independent
4.In every major city there are more ___ apartments than there are homeless people.
[A]blankvacant[C]empty[D]bare
[提示]：搭配主要涉及介词和名词、形容词和介词、动词和名词、形容词和名词等的搭配。因此学习单词时必须掌握其固定的搭配。此外牢记大纲词表后列出的词组也会有很大的帮助。
1.Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space ___ which matter has fallen and ___ which nothing can escape.
[A]towards…towardsinto…from
[C]out of…from[D]through…through
2.___ conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe and enjoyable form of exercise.
[A]intoat[C]over[D]under
___ to form a new government.
[A]purposereason[C]view[D]goal
___ to buy a pair of shoes.
[A]shoes storeshoe‘s store[C]shoe store[D]shoes store
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3.Five minutes earlier，___ we may have caught the gunman.
[A]andbut[C]or[D]so
4.___ I‘m supposed to work by myself，there are other people who I can interact with.
[A]If onlySo long as[C]Even if[D]As far as
5.It was there，the police believe，___ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.
[A]untilwhich[C]that[D]when
6.It is not feasible to wait four days ___ the body is used to the new time zone.
[A]whileafter[C]until[D]then
7.Robots differ from automatic machines ___ after completion of one task，they can be reprogrammed to do another.
[A]thatin which[C]when[D]in that
8.It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers ___ schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.
[A]thatwhat[C]when[D]who
9.Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to ____ the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other.
[A]make it possiblemake possible
[C]make possibly[D]make it possibly
10.Lots of empty beer bottles were found under the young man‘s bed;he ___ heavily.
[A]must have drunkmust drink
[C]should drink[D]had to drink
Key：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.A
第二题：完型填空
[提示]：充分利用上下文提供的信息答题。
历年试题举例：
(1)Colter was excited，so he told 17 about the place.18，the other people did not believe him.
18.[A]the otherothers[C]another[D]each other
18.[A]ThenHowever[C]Therefore[D]Consequently
Key：17.B 18.B
(2)Planning is important in almost anything you do.No matter what you are doing，taking the time to plan 11 can help you reach your goal.The purpose of insurance is 12 you plan for unexpected，costly emergencies(紧急需要)。13 the most important kind of insurance is medical insurance.
11.[A]awayon[C]ahead[D]out
12.[A]helpedto help[C]kept[D]to keep
13.[A]ProbablyUnfortunately[C]Conversely[D]Subsequently
Key：11.C 12.B 13.A
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(3)Food in the United States is 13，cheap，and available twenty-four hours a day，and many people not only overeat，but eat a lot of high-fat，high-calories foods that 14 weight gain.15，there are some people who eat anything they want and never gain weight，and studies show that obese people do not eat an excessive amount of calories.In fact，they often eat 16 than non-obese people do.
13.[A]manymuch[C]plentiful[D]resourceful
14.[A]contribute todevote to[C]subject to[D]distribute to
15.[A]ButHowever[C]Moreover[D]Therefore
16.[A]fewermore[C]less[D]better
Key：13.C 14.A 15.B 16.C
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